Fecal microbiota transplantation in a rodent model of short bowel syndrome: A therapeutic approach?

Salma Fourati (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) , Anne Dumay (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) , Maryline Roy (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) , Alexandra Willemetz (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) , Lara Ribeiro-Parenti (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) , Camille Mayeur (6, 7, 8, 9) , Muriel Thomas (6, 7, 8, 9) , Nathalie Kapel (6, 7, 8, 9) , Francisca Joly (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) , Maude Le Gall (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) , Johanne Le Beyec (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) , Jaime Garcia-Mena (10) , Julie Tomas (11) , Ribeiro-Parenti Roy , Le Gall (12) , Le Beyec This

1 ICAN - Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases
2 CRI (UMR_S_1149 / ERL_8252 / U1149) - Centre de recherche sur l'Inflammation
3 AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris]
4 Service de Gastroentérologie et d’Assistance nutritive [AP-HP Hôpital Beaujon]
5 CRI (UMR_S_1149 / ERL_8252 / U1149) - Centre de recherche sur l'Inflammation
6 UMRF - Unité Mixte de Recherche sur le Fromage
7 MICALIS - MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé
8 Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine
9 CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP]
10 Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular
11 CIML - Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille - Luminy
12 BIA - Unité de recherche sur les Biopolymères, Interactions Assemblages

Extensive intestinal resection leads to Short Bowel Syndrome (SBS), the main cause of chronic intestinal failure. Colon preservation is crucial for spontaneous adaptation, to improve absorption and reduce parenteral nutrition dependence. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), a promising approach in pathologies with dysbiosis as the one observed in SBS patients, was assessed in SBS rats with jejunocolonic anastomosis. The evolution of weight and food intake, the lenght of intestinal villi and crypts and the composition of fecal microbiota of Sham and SBS rats, transplanted or not with high fat diet rat microbiota, were analyzed. All SBS rats lost weight, increased their food intake and exhibited jejunal and colonic hyperplasia. Microbiota composition of SBS rats, transplanted or not, was largely enriched with Lactobacillaceae, and aand b-diversity were significantly different from Sham. The FMT altered microbiota composition and aand b-diversity in Sham but not SBS rats. FMT from high fat diet rats was successfully engrafted in Sham, but failed to take hold in SBS rats, probably because of the specific luminal environment in colon of SBS subjects favoring aero-tolerant over anaerobic bacteria. Finally, the level of food intake in SBS rats was positively correlated with their Lactobacillaceae abundance. Microbiota transfer must be optimized and adapted to this specific SBS environment.

Keywords: short bowel syndrome; fecal microbiota transplantation; lactobiota; lactobacillaceae; hyperphagia; intestinal hyperplasia; short chain fatty acid FMT; fecal microbiota transplantation GLP-2; glucagon like peptide-2 HFD; high fat diet PN; parenteral nutrition SBS; short bowel syndrome SCFA; short chain fatty acids; GLP-2; glucagon like peptide-2; HFD; high fat diet; PN; parenteral nutrition; SBS; SCFA

Domains: Food and Nutrition; Molecular biology; Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO]; Bacteriology

Salma Fourati, Anne Dumay, Maryline Roy, Alexandra Willemetz, Lara Ribeiro-Parenti, et al.. Fecal microbiota transplantation in a rodent model of short bowel syndrome: A therapeutic approach?. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 2023, ⟨10.3389/fcimb.2023.1023441⟩. ⟨hal-04013550⟩